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Appeal bid fails, lawsuits possible
Old immigration criteria will stand
Ruling opens door to applicants' suits
ALLAN THOMPSON
OTTAWA BUREAU
OTTAWA—The immigration department
has failed in its attempt to appeal a key Federal Court
decision that may have opened the door to class-action
suits by thousands of applicants who say applying
retroactive rule changes denied them a chance to live in
Canada.
In a ruling Friday, Mr.
Justice Marshall Rothstein of the Federal Court, Appeal
Division, put an end to the immigration department's
attempt to appeal a Feb. 21 decision by Mr. Justice
Michael Kelen. In a decision that could effect tens of
thousands of applicants, Kelen ordered the department to
go back and apply old rules to the cases of 102
applicants who claimed they were entitled to be
processed under the criteria in place at the time they
submitted their applications.
When the department
overhauled the point system used to select Canada's
skilled worker immigrants last year, bureaucrats decided
to apply the rules retroactively, even though that would
result in more than 100,000 backlogged applications
being bumped over into the new system.
Many applicants have
complained that while they would have gained entry under
the old system, they will be disqualified by the new
criteria.
In the February decision, the
judge ruled that even though the immigration department
extended the deadline for applying the new rules for
skilled workers until March 31, it hadn't done enough to
try to plow through the backlog of applications.
Lawyers for some of the tens
of thousands of applicants with files in the system have
already launched class-action suits, in an attempt to
force the government to apply the old rules, or pay
millions of dollars in damages to clients denied the
chance to start a new life in Canada.
Since the end of March, a
number of court proceedings involving more than 5,000
people have been launched based on grounds similar to
the February decision.
MINISTER ADJUSTS SKILLED WORKER PASSMARK AND PROPOSES CHANGES FOR
ECONOMIC CLASS IMMIGRATION APPLICANTS AFFECTED BY IRPA TRANSITIONAL
RULES
OTTAWA,
September 18, 2003 -- The Honourable Denis Coderre, Minister of
Citizenship and Immigration Canada, today announced an important
decision and recommendation pertaining to the Immigration and
Refugee Protection Act (IRPA). The Minister announced an
adjustment to the pass mark for federal skilled worker applicants.
Also, today he proposed new measures for assessing certain economic
class applicants who applied under the former Immigration Act
but were affected by transitional measures following implementation
of IRPA on June 28, 2002.
The
Minister's move to adjust the pass mark is a response to Canada's
need for skilled workers. Effective immediately, all new skilled
worker applicants and those currently in the system who have not yet
received a selection decision, will be assessed with a pass mark of
67. (Since the implementation of IRPA and until today, the pass mark
was 75.)
"An important
objective of IRPA was to create a system that is flexible," said the
Minister. "Today's changes to IRPA reflect this flexibility and our
ongoing commitment to listen to the views of all stakeholders. We
are responding to current circumstances in a way that continues to
encourage skilled immigration within the confines of existing
resources and a balanced plan."
Additionally,
the Minister is proposing to amend the IRP transition regulations to
allow for all skilled worker and business immigration applicants who
applied before January 01, 2002 to be assessed under the selection
criteria of the former Immigration Act. Applicants who do not
qualify under the former Act would then be assessed under the
current IRPA.
"The
government's clear intention has always been to treat applicants
fairly," explained the Minister. "That is why we introduced and then
extended transition measures. The court has suggested that more is
required of the government. I have listened to that message. That is
why I am proposing these changes today."
The Minister
plans to consult his Cabinet colleagues on the proposed regulatory
amendments at the first available opportunity. The new pass mark
takes effect immediately.
-30-
For more
information (media only):
Sarah Bain
Press Secretary
Office of the Minister
(613) 954-1064 |
|
Susan
Scarlett
Spokesperson
Communications Branch
(613) 941-7035 |

Backgrounder
Selecting Skilled Worker and Business Immigrants
The government has consulted widely and regularly since 1996 to
build an immigration system that meets the needs of all involved --
from the applicants themselves to employers and communities that
need skilled workers and the taxpayers who fund the immigration
program in Canada. The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act
(IRPA) was the result of this analysis and consultation. It was
implemented on June 28, 2002.
The inventory
of skilled worker cases in process could not be cleared before the
coming into force of IRPA. Therefore, in fairness, Citizenship and
Immigration Canada (CIC) took several steps which included:
- extending
the time in which these applications could be processed under the
former selection grid from June 28, 2002 to March 31, 2003.
- processing
these applications under a lower passmark (70 instead of 75)
- offering a
refund of processing fees to those who had not received a
selection decision.
Some skilled
worker and business applicants felt that the transition rules were
not fair and took the department to Court. In February 2003, the
Federal Court ordered that the applications of those involved in the
lawsuit who had applied before January 1, 2002 be assessed under the
former Act before March 31, 2003. CIC complied with that order.
For those who
submitted their applications after January 1, 2002, the judge felt
that they had been aware at the time they filed their applications
that they would be processed under IRPA and that there was therefore
no unfairness.
Following the
Courts decision, many other people felt that their applications
should also be reviewed. In June 2003, a Federal Court judge imposed
an injunction on CIC, preventing the department from finally
refusing any application which was filed prior to January 1, 2002.
This injunction also requires the department to notify all
applicants that could potentially be involved in a class action. CIC
is in the process of complying with this injunction.
The courts
have determined that, while they are legal, the transition
provisions between the Immigration Act and IRPA are not as
fair to applicants who applied before January 1, 2002 as the
government had believed. The government has listened to that
message. For that reason, Minister Denis Coderre is proposing to
amend the transition regulations to allow economic class applicants
(skilled workers and business immigrants) who filed their
applications for permanent residence before January 1, 2002 to be
assessed under the former Immigration Act (and then under
IRPA if refused under the former Act). The Minister plans to consult
his Cabinet colleagues on these proposed regulatory amendments at
the first available opportunity.
These
proposed amendments would meet the applicants' request to be
processed under the selection criteria in place at the time they
filed their applications and also give them the benefit of an
assessment under IRPA.
CIC also
proposes to offer the same processing to:
- those
people who had applied prior to January 01, 2002 and who were
refused between the coming into force of the new selection grid on
March 31, 2003 and June 20, 2003; and
- those who
withdrew their applications between January 01, 2002 and the
coming into force of these proposed regulatory amendments.
Applicants in
these last two groups will be required to advise CIC of their desire
to be processed before January 01, 2005.
CIC does not
propose to amend the regulations to allow applicants who applied to
immigrate to Canada between January 1, 2002 and the coming into
force of IRPA. These applicants were aware, at the time they filed
their applications, that they would be processed under IRPA. The
courts have not disagreed with the department's interpretation of
the transition rules as they apply to this group.

Backgrounder
Pass
Mark for Skilled Workers
In the new selection system the pass mark is the primary tool to
balance the qualifications and quantity of Federal Skilled Worker
immigrants. The Minister may amend the pass mark from time to time,
to reflect the changes in Canadian labour market and in the broader
economy and in society, as well as changing demands on the part of
prospective immigrants to Canada.
The Minister
set the Federal Skilled Worker pass mark at 75 points when the new
selection system came into effect on June 28, 2002. On September 18,
2003, the Minister amended the pass mark for new skilled worker
applicants to 67. The pass mark for skilled worker applicants
currently in the system who have not yet received a selection
decision will be also be 67.
A pass mark
at that level will allow the Canadian economy to benefit from
skilled immigrants and meet immigration goals.
Regulation 76
(2) of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations states
that:
The
Minister shall fix and make available to the public the minimum
number of points required of a skilled worker, on the basis of
(a) the
number of applications by skilled workers as members of the
federal skilled worker class currently being processed;
(b) the number of skilled workers projected to become permanent
residents according to the report to Parliament referred to in
section 94 of the Act; and
(c) the potential, taking into account economic and other relevant
factors, for the establishment of skilled workers in Canada.
Examples of
who would qualify with a pass mark of 67:
|
High
Education/Language Profile -- no connection to Canada |
| |
Points |
|
|
Education |
25 |
Master's
or Ph.D. |
| Language |
24 |
high
proficiency |
|
Experience |
21 |
4 years
experience |
| Age |
0 |
54 |
| Arranged
Employment |
0 |
None |
|
Adaptability |
0 |
None;
does not meet any of the relevant criteria |
| TOTAL |
70 |
|
|
Moderate
Education/Language Profile -- connection to Canada |
|
Education |
20 |
Bachelor's or two-year diploma |
| Language |
8 |
moderate
proficiency in 1 language |
|
Experience |
19 |
3 years
experience |
| Age |
10 |
40 |
| Arranged
Employment |
0 |
None |
|
Adaptability |
10 |
Spouse
has a master's degree; previous work experience in Canada |
| TOTAL |
67 |
|
|
Lower
Education/Language Profile -- Arranged Employment |
|
Education |
12 |
one year
diploma or trade certificate |
| Language |
4 |
2 for
each of 2 factors in one official language |
|
Experience |
21 |
4 years
experience |
| Age |
10 |
28 |
| Arranged
Employment |
10 |
Yes |
|
Adaptability |
10 |
Relative
in Canada + 5 for arranged employment |
| TOTAL |
67 |
|
Canadian
immigration news coverage in the Media!!!!
Hope for would-be immigrants
Applications valid until class-action suit settled, federal court
judge rules
By MARINA JIMENEZ
From Saturday's Globe and Mail- June 21st 2003
Ottawa cannot bar 300,000 prospective immigrants from Canada
using new, strict rules imposed after they applied to come to the
country, a federal court judge has ruled.
The judgment, released yesterday in the Federal Court of Canada,
says the government cannot reject these applications until a
class-action lawsuit challenging the new selection criteria has been
decided by the courts.
The decision gives new hope to 300,000 skilled workers,
entrepreneurs and their families who want to immigrate to Canada and
have already waited years for their applications to be processed.
A class-action suit seeking $400-million in damages has been
launched on their behalf, arguing that the retroactive application
of the new immigration law is unfair. They applied under guidelines
in use before January 2002, and are considered backlog cases.
"This is a big victory and an important decision," said Ron
Foerster, who is arguing the class-action lawsuit with Toronto
immigration lawyers Dan Miller and Lorne Waldman.
Mr. Waldman added: "This is unprecedented. The government has
never been told not to process applications on this large scale. Now
these people still have a chance to immigrate to Canada."
Many backlog applicants would qualify under the old rules, which
stressed education, age, language ability and Canada's labour market
needs. The new rules favour those with firm job offers and are so
strict that even a single person with fluent English and a PhD would
fail to qualify. A blue-collar worker with a technical diploma
married to someone with a university degree would not be accepted
either.
Late Friday, a spokeswoman for Citizenship and Immigration Canada
said it would comply with the order.
"We will take a careful look at the order and evaluate its
implications," Susan Scarlett said. "For those people that don't
meet the new criteria, we will hold off refusing them until the
lawsuit is resolved."
She added that the department will still be able to welcome
skilled immigrants and business people to Canada.
"We can assess and approve people who meet the new criteria," she
said. "These transition measures were designed to strike a balance."
Immigration lawyers believe the new rules were implemented to get
rid of an embarrassing backlog of overseas applicants.
Some people had waited as long as five years for an interview
with Canadian officials to obtain a visa.
"The government came up with retroactivity rules to get rid of
the backlog with a minimum of fuss because they cannot handle the
workload," said Ben Trister, past president of the Canadian Bar
Association's immigration section.
"Now the judge's decision has levelled the playing field. It may
encourage the parties to come together and reach a common-sense
decision and avoid litigation."
The ruling orders the government to provide written notice to the
hundreds of thousands of people in the backlog. The majority are
from India and China, but they come from dozens of different
countries. The government must also advise applicants about the
class-action lawsuit and the damages lawyers are seeking on their
behalf.
"The government will have to sit on these files for potentially
years because the courts will take years to decide the case,"
predicted Mr. Waldman.
The new rules were part of the government's new Immigration Act,
which became law in June 2002.
The decision to apply the new rules retroactively was announced
six months earlier.
Initially, the government believed only 30,000 people were in the
backlog.
Some Liberal MPs were angry that the changes would disqualify
skilled tradespeople without firm job offers from immigrating to
Canada.
Michael Friscolanti
National Post 24-5-2003
The Citizenship and Immigration department is bracing for a flood
of multi-million dollar lawsuits after a panel of judges upheld a
controversial ruling that said federal bureaucrats misled
Parliament about severe backlogs in the immigration system. The
decision, handed down on Thursday by the Federal Court of Appeal,
alters the fate of more than 100,000 prospective immigrants, who
applied for visas under old entry rules but were not assessed
before tougher standards were adopted last year.
The ruling, which could ultimately cost the government millions
of dollars in compensation, is just the latest development in a
politically charged case already rife with accusations of lies and
deception.
That rhetoric reached a fever pitch this year, when the
original judge took the unprecedented step of clarifying his
decision after Denis Coderre, the Citizenship and Immigration
Minister, insisted it was only a draft.
A spokeswoman for the department said last night the government
is still reviewing Thursday's ruling, but lawyers who represent
the affected immigrants said the judgment leaves the Minister with
only two choices: He can either refund everyone's processing fees
or assess the 104,000 applicants under the old rules.
If neither happens, they say, the government could spend years
-- and millions of dollars -- fighting each claim in court.
"The government is reaping the consequences of a very
ill-conceived policy," said Lorne Waldman, a Toronto immigration
lawyer who argued against the government's appeal. "The government
pulled the rug out from under them without warning -- after they
collected their money."
The roots of Mr. Coderre's looming dilemma can be traced back
to December, 2001, when the government announced its new
Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, which included a new
points system to assess skilled workers applying for entry into
Canada.
It emphasizes such assets as postgraduate education, fluency in
both official languages and Canadian work experience.
However, because many would-be immigrants had already applied
under the older, more lenient regulations -- and paid the $500
processing fee -- Mr. Coderre announced the government would
extend the deadline for processing old applications to March 31,
2003, from Dec. 31, 2002.
His announcement followed the recommendation of a parliamentary
committee, which was told by a senior bureaucrat that the backlog,
estimated to be approximately 30,000 applicants, could be erased
within three months.
But in a Federal Court ruling released in February, Mr. Justice
Michael Kelen reached a far different conclusion.
He said the department supplied "significantly incorrect
numbers" to the parliamentary committee, and when bureaucrats
realized the backlog actually affected between 80,000 and 120,000
people, they "did not inform Parliament of this error."
In the process, he said, the government pocketed $125-million
while ignoring "the outstanding applicants as if there was no
looming deadline."
The judge ordered all 102 prospective immigrants who filed the
claim to be immediately appraised under the old criteria.
Government lawyers filed an appeal, arguing that although Judge
Kelen's decision did not encompass every immigrant caught in the
backlog, the case had the potential to set a dangerous and costly
precedent.
A three-judge panel dismissed the appeal, saying the issue is
moot because the 102 applicants have already been interviewed
according to the expired regulations.
That ruling paves the way for every other immigrant hampered by
the rule change to file a similar suit. More than 7,000 -- a
combination of 78 separate claims -- have already done so.
Lawyers representing those litigants say unless the government
wants to spend billions of dollars fighting each of the claims in
court, Mr. Coderre has little choice but to assess them under the
old rules.
"They've got to reconsider what they're doing," said Marvin
Moses, who represents some of the immigrants who filed the
original suit. "If they had devoted their resources equally the
way they have devoted them for these 100 cases, there wouldn't
need to be so long in due processing."
Diane Ablonczy, the immigration critic for the Canadian
Alliance, called on Mr. Coderre not to appeal Thursday's ruling to
the Supreme Court of Canada.
"This is a department that says it does not have enough money
to properly process applications overseas, and yet they've got
money to cover their backside through all kinds of appeals and
legal avenues," she said yesterday. "They should check their
priorities."
Ms. Ablonczy also said the bureaucrats who lied to Parliament
should be punished.
"As a Canadian and as a democratic, it is just outrageous that
a government could actually mislead the democratically elected
Parliament of a country with impunity and then try to hide behind
court appeals to disguise that fact," she said. "This is about the
reputation of our country internationally. We said to people:
'These are the rules. Here's the fee.' And then after people did
all of that, we changed the rules in the middle of the game."
mfriscolanti@nationalpost.com
ELIZABETH THOMPSON
The Gazette 24-5-2003
The immigration department should process tens of thousands
of prospective immigrants under the rules that were in effect
when they applied, said the chairperson of Parliament's Standing
Committee on Citizenship and Immigration.
"I would rather spend money on processing good people and
making sure that they qualify when they come in than spending
money tied up in courts and lawyers and so on," Joe Fontana,
Liberal MP for th e
Ontario riding of London North Centre, said in an interview.
Fontana said the committee was concerned from the start about
the government's plan to use new criteria. "We were very, very
concerned about the retroactive provisions of the bill."
However, Citizenship and Immigration Minister Denis Coderre
vowed yesterday to push ahead with the government's plans for
handling the transition to the new immigration law, despite
court cases that have been filed on behalf of thousands of
prospective immigrants who believe they have a better chance of
getting into Canada under the old rules.
The controversy centres on the government's decision last
year to overhaul its immigration act and to change the selection
criteria for those seeking to come to Canada. While the
government told parliament there were only 30,000 people waiting
to be processed when the rules changed, in February a Federal
Court judge found that Coderre's department misled parliament,
and there were actually up to 120,000 caught in the backlog.
The Federal Court ruling, and last week's dismissal of
Coderre's appeal, has sparked lawsuits on behalf of more than
5,800 people who were in the process of immigrating to Canada
when the rules changed.
Yesterday, Coderre said he won't appeal last week's ruling.
Nor will he give in to those who have filed court actions to
force him to process them under the old selection criteria.
Testifying before the committee, Coderre said the government
adopted reasonable measures for those caught by the transition,
allowing them to qualify with fewer points, extending deadlines
and allowing many to get refunds for their application fees.
ethompson@thegazette.canwest.com
ELIZABETH THOMPSON
The Gazette 24 May 2003
Immigration Minister Denis Coderre has lost his bid to reverse
a Federal Court ruling that found his department misled
Parliament. In a ruling rendered verbally from the bench
Thursday and in writing yesterday, the Federal Court of Appeal
said the case is now moot because those involved have received
the Immigration Department interviews that they had been
seeking.
However, the ruling clears the way for lawsuits filed on
behalf of thousands of people who were in the process of
immigrating to Canada when the federal government abruptly
changed the selection criteria. If they win, the federal
government could have to reverse its position and process
their applications under the previous criteria or pay out
hundreds of millions of dollars in reimbursements or damages.
"There is a very big potential liability here," said
immigration lawyer Lorne Waldman, who persuaded the court to
dismiss Coderre's appeal.
The case centres on the government's decision last year to
overhaul its selection criteria for people seeking to
immigrate to Canada, imposing tougher standands in areas such
as education and language proficiency. At one point, the
government extended the deadline for processing applicants
under the old law, telling parliament's immigration committee
that it should be enough time to process a backlog of 30,000
applications.
In February, however, Federal Court Justice Michael Kelen
ruled that officials had misled the committee about the size
of the backlog. Instead of 30,000 applicants, there were
80,000 to 120,000 applications that were waiting to be
processed.
While Kelen's ruling only applied to the 102 prospective
immigrants who had taken the case to court, it has opened the
gates for thousands of others in the backlog who believe they
have a better chance of coming to Canada under the old
selection criteria than under the new rules.
Immigration lawyer Richard Kurland said at least a dozen
law firms including his own have filed lawsuits on behalf of
prospective immigrants caught in the backlog, many of them
from Asia. In many cases, the applicants are married and while
one of the partners has a university education in areas such
as computers or engineering, their spouse does not - making it
more difficult to get into Canada under the new rules.
The solution, said Kurland, is for Ottawa to agree to
process all those caught in the backlog under the rules that
were in place when they first applied.
In its ruling yesterday, the Federal Court of Appeal said
78 cases that have been filed in the Federal Court's trial
division, representing an estimated 5,800 prospective
immigrants.
Waldman puts the number of people involved in the various
lawsuits much higher, at 7,400.
Officials in the Immigration Department and Coderre's
office were tight lipped yesterday, saying lawyers are
studying the ruling to determine what to do next.
Diane Ablonczy, Canadian Alliance immigration critic, said
the government should abandon any idea of appealing the
Federal Court of Appeal ruling to the Supreme Court.
"The bottom line is that Denis Coderre should be doing what
he promised these applicants he would do and that is to
process them in a timely manner under the rules that were in
place when they applied. That is the fair and honorable thing
to do."
Ablonczy said there should also be a review of how the
issue has been handled.
"This is a huge black eye for the minister and his
department for which there should be serious consequences. We
need to identify who was responsible for lying to parliament,
who was responsible for the decisions that led to these
applications not being processed as promised. Those
individuals should be sanctioned."
ethompson@thegazette.canwest.com
Backlog case can go to appeal
New hope for would-be immigrants Coderre on hot seat after
rule change
VALERIE LAWTON
OTTAWA BUREAU - Toronto Star - March 8th
2003;
OTTAWA—Tens of thousands of would-be immigrants who don't
meet strict new criteria could get a fresh chance to enter
Canada, an immigration lawyer said after a judge's ruling
yesterday cleared the way for the issue to go to an appeal
court.
The new Federal
Court decision is the latest chapter in a controversy over the
immigration department's decision to make the tougher entrance
requirements retroactive — effectively changing the rules for
a backlog of people who'd already been waiting months or years
for their applications to be processed.
Federal Court Justice Michael Kelen had
already ruled last month that 102 prospective immigrants who
went to court should be processed under the old rules because
the department had misled and ignored Parliament about the
backlog.
The second part of his judgment, released late yesterday,
clears the path for an appeal.
"It opens the door for us to take retroactivity to the
appeal court so that all of the other backlogged immigration
applicants can hopefully avoid the retroactive laws," Toronto
lawyer David Rosenblatt said.
The case has put Immigration Minister Denis Coderre in the
hot seat.
The Canadian Alliance argued he should be fired after the
judge found Coderre's officials had drastically underestimated
the number of outstanding applications at a parliamentary
committee hearing. Officials suggested there were 30,000
backlogged applications, when in fact there are between 80,000
and 120,000, the judge found.
As well, the department "did not inform
Parliament of this error when it became evident," he wrote in
the ruling.
Based on the department's figures, a
parliamentary committee had recommended a three-month
extension to allow applicants already in the pipeline to be
processed under the old rules. Coderre acted on that, but it's
now clear three months was not nearly enough time to deal with
the backlog.
Coderre compounded his political problems by calling
Kelen's decision a "draft decision." His comment prompted the
judge to take the highly unusual step of issuing a statement
describing his ruling as final.
Yesterday, Coderre said calling the judge's decision a
draft was a matter of "legal jargon." He continued to deny his
staff hadn't been honest about the backlog.
Coderre and judge square off over
ruling
Lawyers are buzzing as jurist steps up to say cabinet
minister's opinion is wrong
By CAMPBELL CLARK -(Globe & Mail) Tuesday, Mar. 4, 2003
OTTAWA -- A Federal Court of Canada judge has engaged in an
unusual tussle with a federal cabinet minister, openly
refuting Immigration Minister Denis Coderre's assertion that a
recent ruling criticizing his department was only a draft.
Mr. Justice Michael Kelen took the surprising step
yesterday of issuing a statement to insist his ruling is
final, not a "draft
decision" as Mr. Coderre claims.
The statement -- which appears to be a direct rebuke of the
minister though it does not name him -- stunned many in the
legal community and has become the talk of immigration lawyers
across the country.
It is unprecedented for a judge to publicly join the debate
about a decision after it has been delivered -- and even rarer
to
respond directly to the comments of a politician.
Judge Kelen's statement came after a week in which Mr.
Coderre not only repeatedly said the original decision was
merely
a draft, but twice insulted opposition MPs who disagreed in
the House of Commons.
The Feb. 21 decision by Judge Kelen stated that senior
officials misled Parliament by underestimating the number of
immigrant applicants who would be hit by retroactive changes
to immigration rules.
Yesterday, Judge Kelen issued a one-paragraph "oral
direction" sent out to lawyers in the case by the court's
registry
officer. It denied Mr. Coderre's assertions.
"The order and reasons on the above noted file are final as
of February 21, 2003 (and are not considered draft) as to the
question of mandamus. The only outstanding matters to be
decided are the issues of legal costs and whether there is a
question of general importance for certification," Judge
Kelen's statement said.
Mr. Coderre's office had no comment.
Canadian judges normally do not issue clarifications after
their rulings, instead letting decisions speak for themselves.
"It really is unusual for a judge to provide that kind of
clarification on the status of their decision," said Gordon
Maynard,
vice-chairman of the immigration section of the Canadian Bar
Association.
David Dyzenhaus, a University of Toronto expert on judicial
independence, said Judge Kelen might have felt it necessary to
assert his ruling is law after a minister of the Crown
suggested it was not issued by a high enough court to have
importance.
"I think, in a way, the minister's position could be seen
by a judge as tending to undermine confidence in the
administration
of public justice," Mr. Dyzenhaus said. "I'm sure that's what
would have prompted the judge to do what he did."
Judge Kelen was appointed to the bench by Prime Minister
Jean Chrétien two years ago. At one time, he was a partner at
the same Ottawa firm
where Finance Minister John Manley practised law.
Immigration officials told a parliamentary committee last
year that most cases would be processed by the end of 2002.
But Judge Kelen heard
evidence that 80,000 to 120,000 cases would still be
outstanding by March 31 and those applicants will be subject
to stricter rules.
Judge Kelen found the Immigration Department made no effort
to follow Parliament's wish to ensure that most of those
people had their
applications processed before the deadline. He ordered the
department to process the 102 applicants who had sued.
When Canadian Alliance immigration critic Diane Ablonczy
questioned Mr. Coderre about the ruling in the House of
Commons on Feb. 24, the
minister refused comment "because there is a draft decision."
In fact, the judge's decision was final, although like many
court decisions, it can be subject to appeal to a higher
court. Lawyers for the
Immigration Department have since asked Judge Kelen to
"certify questions" -- in effect, to grant them permission to
appeal on certain specific
legal grounds.
But on Feb. 25, when Ms. Ablonczy challenged Mr. Coderre's
assertion, Mr. Coderre insisted "the court has not made a
final decision" and
attacked Ms. Ablonczy. "I don't know how she got her degree,
but she should do her homework once and for all," he said.
The next day, he snapped that Alliance MP Vic Toews was
"unable to do homework, or comprehend the Immigration Act."
Mr. Toews, the former attorney-general of Manitoba and
long-time lawyer, said he was stunned to hear Mr. Coderre --
who is not a lawyer --
attack his legal knowledge, and that of Ms. Ablonczy, also a
lawyer.
"When I get a guy like that, who has made such a blatant
error, then attack me personally and Diane -- it's just
unacceptable," Mr. Toews said
yesterday.
Thousands denied immigration bid, lawyers
say Government urged to be fair to applicants
By KIRK MAKIN
JUSTICE REPORTER; With a report from Campbell Clark -Thursday,
Feb. 27, 2003 ( Globe & Mail)
Federal officials who knowingly misled Parliament about the
size of an immigration waiting list deprived almost 100,000
people of a chance to enter the country, immigration lawyers
say.
But the government cannot justify leaving the applicants in
limbo, they say, in light of a court ruling that says 102 of
them
must now be assessed using less-stringent criteria that were
in force until last year.
In his ruling, Federal Court of Canada Judge Michael Kelen
found that Citizenship and Immigration Canada officials gave
false figures about the number of outstanding immigration
applications.
As a result, he said, a Commons immigration committee was
misled into believing only 30,000 applicants were in danger of
missing a deadline for qualifying under the original rules, a
backlog the department said it could clear up in three extra
months.
The committee was extremely concerned that the policy not
change in mid-stream and cheat any of the applicants who were
trapped in the backlog.
But in reality, Judge Kelen said, immigration officials
knew that the backlog was several times higher, and that the
vast
majority of applications had no hope of being processed before
the deadline. He blamed a senior immigration bureaucrat
for supplying "significantly incorrect numbers" to the
committee.
Almost 100,000 applications ultimately missed the deadline.
Judge Kelen also found that the department pocketed a
$125-million profit on its visa operation even as it ignored
its
promise to devote more money and staff to clearing the
backlog.
"The evidence before this Court is that the [department]
made no such effort, and treated the outstanding applications
as if
there was no looming deadline," Judge Kelen said.
He ruled that it was wrong for the department to change the
ground rules after people had paid substantial fees and,
through
no fault of their own, waited months or years in a queue.
"We are calling on Parliament to do something about this,"
said lawyer David Rosenblatt, president of the Federation for
Better Immigration Policy. "This is a real perversion.
"These people had spent thousands of dollars on fees, on
lawyers and on courier service to speed their applications
along,"
he said in an interview yesterday. "It's really despicable how
they were treating people."
Guidy Mamann, a Toronto immigration lawyer, said those who
were cheated by the bureaucratic sleight-of-hand are left
having to launch individual court actions unless the
government can be shamed into treating them fairly.
The vast majority had no hope of qualifying under the new,
more demanding immigration criteria that came into effect
after the deadline, he said.
The point system used by officials to rate prospective skilled
immigrants now, he added, puts such an emphasis on language
fluency, higher
education and marriage that only a tiny proportion of
applicants can meet the criteria.
He said the department clearly raised the criteria so it
could both eliminate its backlog and increase the power of
visa officials to subjectively
decide which applicants to approve.
"All of a sudden, they had a legal justification for
refusing tens of thousands of cases -- and still keep their
money," Mr. Mamann said. "It is
revolting. This is what the court found especially
distasteful.
"They knew exactly how many applications were in the
pipeline," he added. "They knew it up to that date, up to that
minute. There could be no
mistake."
Citizenship and Immigration Minister Denis Coderre, who
originally dismissed the Federal Court judgment as a "draft
ruling," insisted yesterday
his department has acted reasonably.
However, some Liberal backbenchers, including immigration
committee chairman Joe Fontana, said they intend to push Mr.
Coderre to treat the
applicants more fairly.
"Where's the fair play?" asked Scarborough-Agincourt MP Jim
Karygiannis.
Judge Kelen noted that the applicants "have followed the
Canadian rules and Canadian law to seek admission to Canada.
They are not
'queue-jumpers.' Moreover, these applicants are generally
skilled workers who believe that they would qualify for
landing in Canada under the
former regulations."
Mr. Mamann said abuses of this sort discourage people from
pursuing regular, legal channels to enter Canada.
"It's like someone being in line for three years, and when
he finally gets to the front counter, he's told: 'The rules
have changed, and by the way,
we're keeping your money,' " Mr. Mamann said.
Feb. 22, 2003. The Star
Court rejects change in entry rules New law unfair to
immigrants 170,000 could be affected
NICOLAAS VAN RIJN - STAFF REPORTER
Immigrants applying to come to Canada
should be assessed under the rules in effect at the time of
their application,
the Federal Court of Canada says in a
decision that could affect hundreds of thousands of people who
want to begin
new lives here.
Yesterday's decision by Mr. Justice
Michael Kelen orders Citizenship and Immigration Canada to
process 102
applications under rules that existed
before June 28, 2002, when new regulations took effect.
But Kelen's decision could have an
impact on more than 170,000 immigration applications now in
the pipeline, said
Toronto lawyer David Rosenblatt. With each
application representing an average 2.5 potential new
immigrants, the
ruling could potentially affect 425,000
people, he said.
"Basically, they changed the rules in
mid-process, and then applied those new rules to people who
had already
applied and paid their fees," said
Rosenblatt, one of a group of immigration lawyers who brought
the action.
"Although the judge applied the decision
to only these 102 cases, people who filed before Dec. 31,
2001, we think it
has a much broader implication and
application," Rosenblatt said. The lawyers, he said, will
return to court asking to
have the decision extended to other
applicants.
The change in rules, the lawyers argue,
stranded many applicants who had already paid thousands of
dollars in
application, translation, legal and other
fees. And it deviated from past practice by the immigration
department, which
has grandfathered applications when rule
changes are introduced — so applications already filed would
fall under
rules then in effect.
"The new regulations discriminate
against unmarried applicants and people from certain
countries," Rosenblatt said.
"People from certain countries — China and
India — will be hardest hit." Although the new regulations
were
implemented last June 28, the immigration
department and a parliamentary committee agreed on a
transition phase,
ending March 31, 2003, to process existing
applications under the old rules.
But instead of a backlog of some 30,000
cases, as Parliament had been told, the department was looking
at more
than 170,000 cases already in the pipeline,
Rosenblatt said.
Calls to the immigration department were
not returned.
Coderre goes a step beyond incompetence
The minister must accept responsibility for his
mistakes, apologize and deal
fairly with all immigration applications
Vancouver Sun
Thursday, February 27, 2003
Out of sight, out of mind seems to be the philosophy
Immigration Minister Denis Coderre is following
as he breathlessly ignores prospective immigrants,
parliamentary committees, Canadian law and
Canadian courts alike.
First, Mr. Coderre dragged his heels on processing the
applications of more than 100,000 immigrants,
primarily Chinese, who had applied before the introduction of
tough new legislation that took effect in
June 2002.
The new Immigration Act imposes stronger education and
language proficiency standards on those
seeking to come to Canada. It now appears that many of those
who applied under the old rules will
see their applications processed under the new act.
The spectre of applying laws retroactively seems to give
Mr. Coderre little cause for concern. It may
give him pause soon, though, since Vancouver immigration
lawyer Richard Kurland plans to launch an
action seeking damages or reconsideration of all applications.
Fortunately, some applicants already took their cases to
cour t and, in a scathing decision delivered
last Friday, Federal Court Justice Michael Kelen ordered the
government to process 102 applications
under the old rules.
In his judgment, Justice Kelen harshly criticized the
minister for ignoring the recommendations of a
parliamentary committee and for misleading Parliament.
Specifically, Justice Kelen said that Citizenship and
Immigration Canada failed to follow the
recommendation that it expedite the processing of applications
from foreign missions.
Further, CIC failed to invest into the process a
$125-million surplus from visa applicants, and it closed
the mission in Hong Kong for three months to train staff,
instead of requiring them to make efforts to
deal with the backlog.
While Mr. Coderre did follow the committee's recommendation
to extend the time limit for processing
old applications to March 31, 2003, Justice Kelen noted that
that recommendation was based on CIC
information that only 30,000 applications would be backlogged
by January 2003.
The backlog actually contains 80,000 to 100,000
applications, and Justice Kelen therefore said that Mr.
Coderre misled Parliament by never informing it of the proper
count.
On Monday, Mr. Coderre dismissed the accusations, saying he
always gave Parliament correct
information.
And he found an easy way to deal with the court's
accusations that he ignored the parliamentary
committee: He ignored the court ruling.
Mr. Coderre refused to comment directly on the judgment,
referring to it as a "draft," and his
spokesman said the court would hear further submissions before
issuing a final decision.
That came as news to a Federal Court of Canada
representative who said, "It is not a draft ruling or
draft decision. It is a decision of the court. It is a final
decision."
Critics are furious with Mr. Coderre, and Canadian Alliance
immigration critic Diane Ablonczy has called
for his resignation.
Even Liberals are taking him to task. Joe Fontana, chairman
of the parliamentary committee, confirmed
that the committee appears to have been given erroneous
information, and called the retroactive law
"repulsive." He also said he will ask the administration "some
tough questions."
The outrage is understandable. At the very least, Mr.
Coderre's handling of this matter represents one
more example of the federal government's incompetence in
managing its affairs.
But Mr. Coderre's actions have taken things one step beyond
incompetence.
His utter failure to admit to even inadvertent mistakes,
and his readiness to apply retroactive laws to
immigrant applications, cast a pall over the fairness of the
entire immigration process.
If Mr. Coderre is to rehabilitate his portfolio, he must
accept responsibility for his mistakes and
apologize to Canadians, the court, Parliament and prospective
immigrants.
Then, to make good on those apologies, he must deal fairly
and expeditiously with all applications that
were lawfully filed under the old rules.
Immigration
misled Parliament: court
Alliance calls for minister's resignation after
ineptitude affects more than
100,000
Peter O'Neil
Vancouver Sun Saturday, February 22, 2003
OTTAWA -- Citizenship and Immigration Canada misled and
ignored Parliament last year, according to
a Federal Court of Canada ruling issued Friday that could
affect more than 100,000 prospective
immigrants.
The federal ministry was found to have dragged its heels on
processing a backlog of immigration
applicants desperate to get to Canada before strict new
standards were imposed.
Justice Michael Kelen's decision directly affects 102
people who will now have a fresh chance to enter
Canada.
But the ruling should force the federal government to open
the door to more than 100,000 others who
were disadvantaged by CIC's ineptitude, critics said Friday.
"This is a complete betrayal of trust in people whose
applications were accepted and who expected to
be dealt with by Canada in good faith," said Canadian Alliance
immigration critic Diane Ablonczy, who
called for Immigration Minister Denis Coderre's resignation.
Vancouver immigration lawyer Richard Kurland said he will
launch a lawsuit to either force the governm
ent to reconsider all the applicants or pay them a total of at
least $100 million in damages.
Coderre announced last year that the government would
extend the deadline for the processing of
applicants under the old law from Dec. 31, 2002, to March 31,
2003.
The extension followed the recommendation of a
parliamentary committee, which said the department
didn't have enough time to process all the applicants who had
entered the system before tough new
standards on education and language proficiency were imposed
in legislation announced in December
2001.
But the committee based its recommendation for a
three-month extension on the testimony of a senior
bureaucrat, CIC assistant deputy minister Joan Atkinson, on
March 12, 2002.
Atkinson told MPs that the department anticipated a backlog
of 30,000 applicants by Jan. 1, 2003, and
she indicated to MPs that the department could find ways to
accelerate their processing during that
extension period, according to Kelen.
"Based on the evidence before this court, which was subject
to cross-examination, it is clear that [the
department] provided the committee with significantly
incorrect numbers," he wrote.
"Rather than the 30,000 such applications expected to be
outstanding as of Dec. 31, 2002, the
evidence established that there will be 80,000 to 120,000 such
applications expected to be
outstanding as of March 31, 2003."
Kelen further wrote that the department "did not inform
Parliament of this error when it became
evident."
He also wrote that the Immigration Department "ignored" all
four recommendations from the
committee calling for the department to make efforts to
expedite application processing in foreign
missions.
The department "ignored the legislative purpose and intent
of extending the time frame for assessing
such applications, failed to adopt the reasonable advice and
recommendations from the parliamentary
committee ... and ignored the objective of [the new
immigration act] which requires 'prompt
processing' of visa applications."
The department also failed to invest more resources despite
a $125 million surplus paid by visa
applicants during the 2001-02 fiscal year, the judge noted.
The department also shut down the Hong
Kong visa office for three months last year to train staff
"rather than require the staff use their best
efforts" to deal with the backlog.
CIC spokeswoman Susan Scarlett would comment only
indirectly on the decision.
"We are pleased that the court upheld the validity of our
legislation. We are reviewing the decision
and its implications for the CIC," she said.
Ablonczy said MPs and Canadians were misled on immigration
just as they were on the spiralling costs
of the firearms registry.
"Parliament has once again been misled, I think
deliberately," she said.
"Either he (Coderre) knew, or if he didn't know,
why the hell is he the minister?"
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